Description should include

• birthing process
• potential problems and responses
• newborn checklist (i.e., vaccinations, record-keeping, feeding, housing)
• caring for newborn livestock
• methods for humane dehorning, castrating, identifying, and docking, if needed.

Teacher Resources:

• Monitoring Livestock Vital Signs, Virginia Cooperative Extension
• Early Heifer Development and Colostrum Management, The Cattle Site

Process/Skill Questions:

• Why does caring for newborn livestock require so much time?
• Does a veterinarian need to be present during the birth process? Why, or why not?
• What issues related to humane treatment are raised when discussing dehorning? Castration? Docking?