Title: Identify the structures, functions, and surgical pathologies of the endocrine system.
Course: Surgical Technologist I (14056-I) > Section: Understanding Structures, Functions, and Surgical Pathologies of Body Systems

Identification should include

- the distinction between the endocrine gland and the exocrine gland
- the functions of hormones
- pathologies of the endocrine system (e.g., diabetes, pancreatic and adrenal tumors, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism).

Process/Skill Questions:

- How would one classify and describe the three groups of hormones based on differences in their chemical structures?
- What hormone(s) is secreted by each gland? What is each hormone’s homeostatic action in the human body?
- How would one explain the control of the hypothalamus over the anterior and posterior pituitary?
- How would one explain the endocrine system’s response to stress? What are the implications for surgery?
- What is the relationship between the endocrine system and the nervous system? How do they work together to control and coordinate the body?
- What are the causes and effects of hypoactivity of each hormone? Of hyperactivity? Can surgery improve the quality of life for patients with a hypoactive thyroid? A hyperactive thyroid? Explain.
- What causes diabetes? What special precautions should be taken by a surgical team operating on a patient with diabetes?
- What effect does aging have on the endocrine system? How might the patient’s age affect the physician’s decisions during surgery?