Title: Examine the major threats to forests, including biotic, abiotic, and human-induced threats and their effect on the forest.
Course: Introduction to Natural Resources and Ecology Systems (18504) > Section: Managing Forest Resources

Examination should include

- common forest diseases
- invasive species (e.g., insects, pathogens, plants, animals)
- urbanization
- environmental pollutants
- climate change (e.g., extreme weather events [hurricanes, flooding, ice storms], prolonged droughts)
- wildfire.

Process/Skill Questions:

- How do tree diseases (hardwoods and softwoods) affect forestry practices from forest, to factory, to sales?
- What is an invasive species?
- What invasive species pose a threat to Virginia forests?
- What effect do invasive species have on the forestry industry?
- What are some biological and chemical control methods for forest insects?
- How do pollutants affect tree growth? Give specific examples.
- How has urbanization affected forestry health?
- What factors make forests more susceptible to invasive species?
- How can invasive species change the makeup of a forest?