Diagnosis may include
- soil sampling
- a review of climate data
- determination of growth rate
- field observation of signs and symptoms
- precipitation
- soil pH levels
- leaf chlorosis
- leaf scorching
- crown or branch dieback
- bark injury
- insect activity
- wet or sticky substances oozing from the bark
- stunting of growth
- circling and girdling roots
- cankers
- lab examination of plant or soil samples.
Process/Skill Questions:
- How does soil pH relate to the development of tree disorders?
- How does soil compaction occur and affect tree development?
- What types of useful information should be collected to assist with diagnosing tree disorders?