Title: Diagnose vehicle wander, drift, pull, hard steering, bump steer, memory steer, torque steer, and steering return concerns; determine needed action.
Course: Automotive Technology III (20104-III) > Section: Suspension and Steering: Wheel Alignment Diagnosis, Adjustment, and Repair

Diagnosis should include

- conducting a visual inspection, according to state inspection procedures
- using specialized tools (e.g., bump steer gauge, alignment machine), according to manufacturer guidelines.

ASE Education Foundation
2017 Automobile Service Technology (AST) Level
IV. Suspension and Steering
E. Wheel Alignment, Diagnosis, Adjustment, and Repair
Task 1

Process/Skill Questions:

- What is the definition of memory steer, bump steer, and torque steer?
- How would you differentiate among drift, pull, and wander?
- What are three causes of poor steering wheel return?