Explanation should include

• identification of the components of the respiratory system, including the upper and lower respiratory systems
• the function of the respiratory system (e.g., gas exchange, regulation of blood pH, filtration and humidification of air, vocalization)
• common diseases and disorders of the respiratory system (e.g., pneumonia, tracheal collapse, asthma, laryngeal paralysis, brachycephalic airway syndrome, respiratory infections).

Process/Skill Questions:

• What is pulmonary ventilation?
• How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
• What factors regulate respiration, and how do they work?
• What problems are commonly detected in animals’ respiratory systems?